How to learn calligraphy? Based on my personal experience, there are mainly five principles: copying model books is the entry point; regular script is the foundation; brush technique is the key; diligence is the path; broad learning is the ladder.
(1) Copying Model Books is the Entry Point
Calligraphy has certain rules. Learning calligraphy means learning the rules of predecessors' art. Copying model books is the basic method to learn brush usage, structure, and layout. Copying well means 'entering the door,' and further progress leads to 'entering the hall.'
Tracing (摹帖) uses transparent paper placed over the model to trace characters. Copying (临帖) has three types: facing copy (对临) - writing while looking at the model; memory copy (背临) - writing from memory after facing copy; empty copy (空临) - practicing finger movements in the air or on surfaces without brush and paper.
From tracing to copying is a process from shallow to deep, from easy to difficult. Beginners should start with tracing, then gradually focus on copying. Tracing easily gets position but loses brush spirit; copying gets brush spirit but easily loses position. Combining both is more comprehensive.
Copying requires first 'entering the book' (入帖), then 'exiting the book' (出帖). 'Entering' means truly learning the model's calligraphy to achieve both form and spirit; 'exiting' means transforming out of the original model to create your own unique style. For beginners, first focus on 'entering' - without entering, there is no exiting.
(2) Regular Script is the Foundation
Learning calligraphy should generally start with regular script because it has strict rules and complete brush techniques. Regular script has the 'Yong' character eight methods, but actually has more than ten or twenty brush techniques. Starting with regular script allows you to familiarize yourself with various brush methods.
(3) Brush Technique is the Key
Brush technique is the core of calligraphy. Center brush movement produces round, thick lines with立体感. Side brush movement produces sharp, angular effects. The combination of various techniques creates rich expression.
(4) Diligence is the Path
Calligraphy requires daily practice. Set small goals and persist consistently. Progress may be slow, but persistence yields results. As the saying goes: 'The pond water turns ink from practice.'
(5) Broad Learning is the Ladder
Study calligraphy theory, history, and aesthetics. Broaden artistic horizons through painting, poetry, and music. Only with extensive knowledge can you reach higher artistic realms.